mucosa

Last reviewed 01/2018

The mucosa of the oesophagus is thrown into folds at rest; when distended by food boluses, the folds disappear as the wall flattens. The layers of the mucosa are, from inside to outermost:

  • mucosa:
    • non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium
    • at gastro-oesophageal junction, merges with simple columnar epithelium of stomach
  • connective tissue: forms papillae which project into lumen
  • muscularis mucosae:
    • increases in thickness from proximal to distal
    • contains:
      • smooth muscle bundles that increase in number to the gastro-oesophageal junction
      • mucus-secreting oesophageal glands which open by a duct onto the mucosa
      • lymphoid follicles