other patterns of nystagmus

Last reviewed 01/2018

As a general rule:

  • peripheral lesions e.g. vestibular damage cause nystagmus away from the side of the lesion
  • a central lesion e.g. unilateral cerebellar damage causes nystagmus towards the side of the lesion

Brainstem lesions may cause:

  • gaze-dependent horizontal nystagmus
  • gaze-dependent vertical jerk nystagmus

Cerebellar disease causes:

  • gaze-dependent horizontal nystagmus
  • downbeat nystagmus
  • related eye movement disorders:
    • opsoclonus
    • ocular flutter
    • ocular dysmetria

Labyrinthine-vestibular lesions cause:

  • horizontal nystagmus
  • vertical nystagmus
  • oblique nystagmus
  • torsional nystagmus is common in labyrintine disease
  • tinnitus, deafness, vertigo and nausea may be present