carcinoma of tongue

Last reviewed 01/2018

Incidence:

  • decreasing, mainly because of improved dental hygiene

Site:

  • most commonly, lateral border

Clinical features:

  • usually presents as a persistent ulcer
  • advanced cases may cause tongue fixation and invade the mandible such that the patient experiences dysphagia
  • one third of cases present with a lump in the neck, which on account of the lymphatic drainage in this area, may be on the contralateral side

Diagnosis:

  • biopsy

Management:

  • small lesions - radiotherapy or surgery
  • large lesions - partial glossectomy
  • palpable neck lesions require a neck dissection but if bilateral nodes are present, neck dissection is unlikely to be justified as the prognosis is so poor