differential diagnosis

Last reviewed 01/2018

A similar clinical picture may be seen in the following circumstances:

  • campylobacter infection
  • shigellosis
  • toxin type food poisoning:
    • Staphylococcus aureus
    • Clostridium perfringens
    • Bacillus cereus (toxin-mediated food poisoning however usually has an onset at less than 6 hours)
  • inflammatory bowel disease:
    • it may be difficult to distinguish an acute primary Salmonella colitis from an episode of inflammatory bowel disease
    • inflammatory bowel disease is suggested if bloody diarrhoea persists beyond 2 weeks despite appropriate antibiotic treatment
    • a rectal biopsy with histology may be helpful
    • a trial of steroids may also be appropriate