Virchow's Triad

Last reviewed 01/2018

This triad provides a framework for thinking about the development of thrombosis.

Virchow's triad comprises:

• damage to the venous wall e.g. inflammation, trauma, pelvic surgery, central lines

• a change in flow e.g. immobility, local pressure, varicose veins, shock, congestive heart failure, venous obstruction, hydration, hypovolaemia

• blood hypercoagulability