clinical features

Last reviewed 01/2018

The clinical picture varies widely according to the degree of tumour cell infiltration and the effects of IgM.

Commonly encountered features may include:

  • peak incidence at age 60 - 70 years; slight preponderance for males
  • usually present with fatigue related to anaemia
  • serum hyperviscosity - causing mucosal and gastrointestinal bleeding, and retinal haemorrhage; due to engorged vessels and platelet dysfunction
  • purpura
  • hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy (rare in multiple myeloma)
  • bone involvement is rare
  • neurologic symptoms - alterations in consciousness, peripheral neuropathy, visual disturbance
  • nausea and vertigo