risk factors for malignant melanoma

Last reviewed 08/2023

Recognised risk factors of MM include:

• intense and intermittent sunlight and UV radiation exposure
  
  
• high numbers of benign naevi and dysplastic naevi
  
  
• family history of melanoma and genetic factors
  
  
• a personal history of 3 or more severe sun burns
  
  
• blue or green eye colour
  
  
• presence of freckles
  
  
• immunosupression
  
  
• sun sensitivity or inability to tan
  
  
• blond or red hair colour (1,2)

Reference:

• 1. Bristow IR et al. Clinical guidelines for the recognition of melanoma of the foot and nail unit. J Foot Ankle Res. 2010;3:25
• 2. Markovic SN et al. Malignant melanoma in the 21st century, part 1: epidemiology, risk factors, screening, prevention, and diagnosis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2007;82(3):364-80