clinical features

Last reviewed 01/2018

  • dysuria, frequency, urgency and a sensation of incomplete bladder emptying: a very common presentation
  • lower abdominal pain: often a presentation in children and young adults
  • sudden development of incontinence - often a presentation in the elderly
  • haematuria
  • enuresis occurring in a child previously dry at night
  • non-specifically unwell if previously fit - presentation in infants and the elderly