arteriovenous fistula

Last reviewed 01/2018

Direct communication between an artery and a vein. It may be:

  • congenital
  • acquired as a result of trauma - for example, from a penetrating wound or a sharp blow;
    • majority are caused by low-velocity penetrating injuries from a knife or small-calibre missile
  • surgically created - for example, in the forearms or legs of patients undergoing renal dialysis

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