complications

Last reviewed 01/2018

These include:

  • hydrocephalus as a result of abnormal architecture
  • recurrent urinary tract infections as a result of incontinence and incomplete voiding. If there is a reflex bladder with incomplete emptying and high intravesical pressures, which may result in reflux and hydronephrosis
  • meningitis, especially in open defects or in association with shunts.