management of acute hypotension

Last reviewed 01/2018

First actions should be:

  • ensure the patency of the airway
  • administer oxygen via a mask
  • lie the patient head-down
  • regularly check the pulse to ensure at least some cardiac output
  • obtain i.v. access
  • give i.v. fluids as long as the patient does not have pulmonary oedema
  • obtain an electrocardiogram - check for arrhythmias
  • listen to the chest to exclude tension pneumothorax
  • listen to the heart to detect structural lesions
  • correct acute blood loss by transfusion

  • if the blood pressure is nil then give 1 mg adrenaline i.v., call an arrest team and initiate resuscitation