acute phase reaction

Last reviewed 01/2018

The acute phase reaction describes the global systemic physiological response to acute insults such as inflammation by:

  • fever
  • chills
  • lethargy
  • increased catabolism of protein
  • increase in slow wave sleep
  • decreased appetite
  • hypotension
  • neutrophilia
  • increase in acute phase proteins

The likely instigators of all of these effects are cytokines, most likely IL-1 and TNF. They are released by peripheral monocytes in direct relation to the level of inflammation, hypothetically to increase the level of acute phase proteins necessary for their activity.