risk factors for developing chronic back pain

Last reviewed 01/2018

Risk factors for developing chronic pain or long term disability (yellow flags):

  • belief that pain and activity are harmful
  • sickness behaviours such as extended rest
  • social withdrawal
  • emotional problems, for example low/negative mood, depression, anxiety, stress
  • problems with claims or compensation or time off work
  • overprotective family or lack of support
  • inappropriate expectations of treatment, for example low expectations of active participation in treatment (1)

Reference:

1. Nguyen TH, Randolph DC. Non specific low back pain and return to work. Am Fam Physician. 2007;76(10):1497-502