aetiology

Last reviewed 01/2018

Aetiology varies with the region and socio-economic status.

  • in developed countries - irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption syndrome, and chronic infections predominate
  • in developing countries - chronic bacterial, mycobacterial, and parasitic infections are the most common causes (1)

The causes of chronic diarrhoea can be divided into:

  • colonic pathology such as
    • inflammatory bowel disease
    • diverticular disease of the colon
    • carcinoma of the colon
  • small bowel pathology
    • coeliac disease
    • crohn's disease
    • other small bowel enteropathies (e.g. Whipple's disease, tropical sprue, amyloid, intestinal lymphgiectasia)
    • small bowel bacterial overgrowth
    • mesenteric Ischaemia
    • giardiasis and other chronic infection
  • pancreatic disease including
    • chronic pancreatitis
    • carcinoma of the pancreas
  • systemic disease, including
    • thyrotoxicosis
    • uraemia
    • carcinoid syndrome
    • Whipple's disease
  • other
    • drug reactions including
      • antibiotics
      • purgatives
      • magnesium-containing indigestion medication
      • digoxin
    • surgery - post-gastrectomy
    • factitious diarrhoea
    • anxiety
    • laxatives

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