aetiology/classification
Last reviewed 04/2021
- chest wall causes:
- tender costochondral junctions (Tietze's syndrome)
- true breast pain:
- diffuse breast pain
- trigger spots causing pain
- acute mastitis / breast abscess
- fibroadenosis
- carcinoma - although rarely painful
- non-breast causes
- cervical and thoracic spondylosis
- bornholm disease
- lung disease
- gallstones
- exogenous oestrogens i.e. HRT
- thoracic outlet syndrome