inspection

Last reviewed 01/2018

The following features of the hand should be noted:

  • the posture of the hand

  • swellings:
    • rheumatoid nodules
    • Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes in osteoarthritis
    • ganglions
    • enchondroma
    • tophi

  • nail signs e.g. the pitting of psoriasis

  • scars

  • colour of the hands

  • deformity:
    • mallet finger
    • Swan-neck deformity
    • Boutonniere deformity
    • Volkmann's contracture
    • ulnar deviation

  • if there is joint disease note the distribution and whether it is symmetrical