aetiology
Last reviewed 05/2021
A third of cases are idiopathic. Recognised causes include:
- hypercoagulable states:
- including polycythaemia vera
- pregnancy
- antiphospholipid syndrome
- essential thrombocythaemia
- protein S / protein C / antithrombin III deficiency
- myeloproliferative disease
- contraceptive pill
- posterior abdominal wall sarcomas
- renal and adrenal tumours
- hepatocellular carcinoma
- hepatic infections, such as hydatid disease
- trauma
- congenital venous webs - idiopathic membranous stenosis of inferior vena cava between hepatic veins and right atrium is often associated with hepatic venous thrombosis
- paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
- radiotherapy
polycythaemia rubra vera (PRV)
essential thrombocythaemia (ET)