clinical features

Last reviewed 01/2018

Four phases may be recognised:

  • development of severe gastrointestinal symptoms - epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and haematemesis - within hours of ingestion
  • apparent recovery - of up to 24 hours
  • acute iron encephalopathy - with headache, confusion, convulsions and coma - and circulatory collapse
  • acute hepatic failure - up to three days later

In survivors, there may be hepatic necrosis, which may lead to hepatic coma and death, or late-onset pyloric stenosis.