clinical features and diagnosis
Last reviewed 01/2018
clinical features and diagnosis
Patients may present with a prodrome of pain, burning sensation, pruritus, and/or tingling sensation of the affected finger or the entire limb (1,2)
- pain is usually out of proportion to physical findings (3)
- this is followed by vesicular eruptions with surrounding erythema and oedema
(2)
- the fingertip is reddened, swollen and acutely tender
- several vesicles (1-3 mm) form on a base of erythema about 7-10 days after the initial symptoms (4), fluid in these vesicles may be clear initially (3)
- these may then merge to give bullae like lesions, the fluid may become cloudy or bloody (3,4)
- the pain and swelling decreases and the vesicles crust over and heal after 10-14 days
- fever, lymphadenitis, and epitrochlear and axillary lymphadenopathy may be seen (3)
Diagnosis is usually obvious from the history and examination. Serum herpes antibodies may assist.
Reference:
- 1. Wu IB, Schwartz RA. Herpetic whitlow. Cutis. 2007;79(3):193-6.
- 2. Smith E et al. Multiple herpetic whitlow lesions in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Am J Hematol. 2002;69(4):285-8.
- 3. Clark DC. Common acute hand infections. Am Fam Physician. 2003;68(11):2167-76
- 4. Klotz RW. Herpetic whitlow: an occupational hazard. AANA J. 1990;58(1):8-13