host and viral risk factors associated with progression of chronic hepatitis B

Last edited 06/2018 and last reviewed 03/2022

host and viral risk factors associated with progression of chronic hepatitis B

factors

host

viral

non modifiable

  • male gender
  • older age
  • family history of HCC
  • host genetic polymorphism
  • unrelenting HBeAg-seropositive hepatitis
  • sustained elevation in serum HBV DNA
  • sustained elevation in serum ALT
  • HBV genotypes C and D

modifiable

  • excess alcohol intake
  • obesity/NAFLD
  • drugs (immunosuppressive/hepatotoxic)

 

  • coinfection with HIV
  • coinfection with HCV and HDV

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