longitudinal failure of formation
Last reviewed 01/2018
Congenital longitudinal failure of formation of the upper limb can be subdivided into deficiencies that are:
- preaxial - radial club hand/radial dysplasia
- central - cleft hand/central ray deficiency
- post-axial - ulnar club hand/ulnar dysplasia
Some authorities place the intercalated defects - phocomelia - in this group.